FICO CREDIT SCORES START REVEALING SECRETS TO CONSUMERS
By The 2000 Tribune Media Services, Inc
What do lenders look at when deciding whether to approve a loan? Typically, lenders
making almost any kind of credit decision will look at a variety of types of information,
including one or more credit scores. While there are many kinds of credit scores,
the most frequently used are credit bureau risk scores developed by Fair, Isaac.
These are commonly known as FICO® scores, although they have different names at
each of the national credit reporting agencies.
A score is a number that tells a lender how likely an individual is to repay a loan,
or make credit payments on time. When a lender requests a credit report and score
from a credit reporting agency, the score is calculated by a "scorecard"
or scoring model — a mathematical equation that evaluates many types of information
from your credit report at that agency. By comparing this information to the patterns
in thousands of past credit reports, scoring identifies your level of credit risk.
The five categories, and the degree to which each contributes to your FICO, are:
- Payment history accounts for about 35% of the score. It’s the
main thing lenders look at. Just because a person always pays their bills on time
doesn’t necessarily mean they will end up with a high FICO score. Payment records
are only part of your track record. A 30 –day late payment made last month counts
against your score more than a 90-day late payment from 5 years ago. The biggest
black marks are items on the public record, such as bankruptcies, credit related
judgments, collection items, suits and liens.
- How much you owe on credit makes up 30% of your score. Having several open
accounts could easily cause you to over extend yourself.In other words FICO considers
“How much is too much.”
- Length of credit history accounts for 15%. How long have your accounts been
established? How old is your oldest account? What’s the average age of all your
accounts?
- How much debt you’ve been taking on represents 10% of your score. For instance,
how many credit applications have you filled out lately? (Lenders always make inquiries
to credit bureaus, these all go on your record.) If you had an earlier credit problem,
did you reestablish your credit and make timely payments? If so, your FICO score
can raise.
- The types of credit you have accounts for 10% of your score. They compare
credit cards, installment loans and mortgages. They look at how many of each you
have.
For more information on FICO scores, visit the Fair Isaac website at
www.fairisaac.com